What is the difference between LTCS and Carbon steel?

Q:

What is the difference between LTCS and Carbon steel?

Whats the difference in composition?

When LTCS is used generally?

Whats the temperature range, that these materials can be used?

Is there any relation between Killed mild steel pipe, LTCS, stainless steel, carbon steel(normal)? How to categorise/classify these?

A:

*Steel is considered to be carbon steel when no minimum content is specified or required for chromium, cobalt, columbium [niobium], molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium or zirconium, or any other element to be added to obtain a desired alloying effect; when the specified minimum for copper does not exceed 0.40 per cent; or when the maximum content specified for any of the following elements does not exceed the percentages noted: manganese 1.65, silicon 0.60, copper 0.60. 

*Low-temperature carbon steels have been developed chiefly for use in low-temperature equipment and especially for welded pressure vessels. 
They are low- to medium-carbon (0.20 to 0.30%), high-manganese (0.70 to 1.60%), silicon (0.15 to 0.60%) steels, which have a fine-grain structure with uniform carbide dispersion. They feature moderate strength with toughness down to — 50°F (—46°C). 
For grain refinement and to improve formability and weldability, carbon steels may contain 0.01 to 0.04% columbium. Called columbium steels, they are used for shafts, forgings, gears, machine parts, and dies and gages. Up to 0.15% sulfur, or 0.045 phosphorus, makes them free-machining, but reduces strength. 

*LTCS is a Nickel based alloy steel plates especially used for low temperature applications below - 150 deg F. Mainly used in cryogenic construction of space ships, low temperature application in chemical plant below -55 deg C. 

Examples: 

SA-203 Steel Plate Grades A, B, D, E and F Nickle Alloy Steel Plates. For low temperatures (-150 deg F) 

Low Temperature Carbon Steel Tubes ASTM A334 Gr.1 

ASTM A333——Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service: 
Mainly Grade： 
Grade 1, Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 6, Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11 

*ASTM A420 For LTCS Fittings. 

*A350-LF2 is a standard For Flanges. 

**Steel that are generally killed include: 

· Steels with carbon contents greater then 0.25% 

· All forging grades of steel. 

· Structural steels with carbon content between 0.15 to 0.25%. 

· Some special steel in the lower carbon ranges. 

See the classification of carbon steel clicking source links. 

*There is a relation between Killed carbon steel, LTCS, stainless steel, carbon steel pipe (normal) and it is the iron,carbon and different alloying elements in varying quantity which makes them fall under different categories.

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